China’s ancient towns are windows into the country’s rich history and vibrant culture, where you can step back in time and experience the charm of centuries-old architecture, traditional customs, and timeless lifestyles. If you’re visiting China and want to dive deep into its history, here are ten must-visit ancient towns that will take you on an unforgettable journey through time.

1. Lijiang Ancient Town (丽江古城) – Yunnan Province

Nestled in the shadow of the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, Lijiang is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a gem of traditional Naxi culture. With its cobblestone streets, canals, and distinctive wooden houses, this town feels like a fairy tale come to life. The town’s history stretches over 800 years, and its blend of Naxi, Han, and Tibetan influences is reflected in its architecture and lifestyle. Don’t miss the chance to experience a local tea house or watch a Naxi orchestra performance, a tradition passed down through generations.

2. Pingyao Ancient City (平遥古城) – Shanxi Province

Pingyao is a perfectly preserved example of a traditional Han Chinese city from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Its ancient city wall, which stretches over six kilometers, encircles a maze of narrow streets and traditional courtyard homes. Pingyao was once China’s financial center, home to the country’s first banks, and today it offers visitors a glimpse into the past with its museums, temples, and former bank buildings. A walk along the city walls will give you stunning views of the town and the surrounding countryside.

3. Wuzhen Water Town (乌镇) – Zhejiang Province

Wuzhen is one of the most famous water towns in China, located along the Grand Canal in the Jiangnan region. Known for its canals, stone bridges, and ancient wooden buildings, Wuzhen is often referred to as the “Venice of the East.” The town is divided into six districts, each showcasing different aspects of life and culture, from traditional textile weaving to ancient liquor brewing. The peaceful boat rides through the canals offer a serene experience, perfect for soaking in the town’s beauty.

4. Fenghuang Ancient Town (凤凰古城) – Hunan Province

Situated along the banks of the Tuojiang River, Fenghuang is a breathtakingly scenic ancient town known for its wooden stilt houses and Miao ethnic minority culture. The mist-covered mountains and river create an ethereal atmosphere, especially in the early morning or at sunset. Visitors can explore the winding streets, admire traditional Miao embroidery, and visit the former residence of the famous Chinese writer Shen Congwen, who wrote about life in Fenghuang.

5. Zhujiajiao Water Town (朱家角) – Shanghai

Just a short drive from the bustling metropolis of Shanghai lies Zhujiajiao, a picturesque water town over 1,700 years old. The town is crisscrossed by canals and stone bridges, with whitewashed buildings and shaded alleyways adding to its charm. Known as the “Pearl of Shanghai,” Zhujiajiao is an ideal day trip for those looking to escape the city’s modern skyscrapers and enjoy a peaceful boat ride, visit ancient temples, and sample local delicacies like Zha Zha noodles.

6. Xitang Ancient Town (西塘) – Zhejiang Province

Xitang is another beautiful water town, famous for its tranquil canals and ancient architecture. It is particularly known for its long covered corridors, which provide shade from the sun and protection from the rain. The town’s peaceful atmosphere and well-preserved Ming and Qing dynasty buildings have made it a popular filming location, even appearing in the Hollywood movie Mission Impossible III. Wander through its alleys and bridges, or simply sit by the water’s edge with a cup of tea and watch life go by.

7. Huangyao Ancient Town (黄姚古镇) – Guangxi Province

Tucked away in the lush karst mountains of Guangxi, Huangyao is a hidden gem that has retained much of its traditional charm. This 1,000-year-old town is surrounded by rivers and lush greenery, with narrow stone-paved streets, ancestral halls, and traditional courtyard homes. The tranquil setting and slower pace of life here make it a great escape for those looking to experience rural China, away from the crowds of the more famous destinations.

8. Tongli Ancient Town (同里古镇) – Jiangsu Province

Tongli is another stunning water town located near Suzhou, often overlooked by tourists in favor of its more famous neighbors. With its well-preserved architecture, arched bridges, and peaceful canals, Tongli offers a more laid-back and intimate experience. One of the highlights of Tongli is the Tuisi Garden, a classical Chinese garden that reflects the artistic and philosophical traditions of the Ming Dynasty. A stroll through the garden, with its rock formations, ponds, and pavilions, is a must.

9. Dali Ancient Town (大理古城) – Yunnan Province

Dali, located between the Cangshan Mountains and Erhai Lake, is the cultural heart of the Bai ethnic minority. The ancient town, with its charming streets, pagodas, and traditional Bai architecture, is a vibrant blend of history and modernity. While wandering its streets, you’ll find a mix of traditional markets, local crafts, and modern cafés. Dali is also a gateway to explore the natural beauty of Yunnan, with the nearby Cangshan Mountain offering stunning hikes and panoramic views of the region.

10. Shaxi Ancient Town (沙溪古镇) – Yunnan Province

Shaxi is a lesser-known gem, located on what was once the southern Silk Road. The town’s history dates back over 1,000 years, and it was once a bustling market town for traders and pilgrims. Today, Shaxi is a quiet and well-preserved ancient town, where visitors can explore traditional tea houses, ancient temples, and the original market square. The surrounding countryside, with its rice fields and scenic river, makes it a perfect spot for hiking or cycling.